The Basics
The only section of this web site which will not become hopelessly outdated

      Photography deals with light, and in some cases, with color. It makes no difference if you are putting an image on a piece of film, or a computer hard drive. Everything in this section applies equally well to film or digital photography. 

exposure, focus, composition
The science

The art The raw materials types of cameras
ratio
the color wheel
 
 Exposure Value Table

F 1.0
 F 1.4
 F 2.0
 F 2.8
 F 4.0
 F 5.6
 F 8.0
 F 11
 F 16
 F 22
 F 32
 F 44
15 sec











8 sec











4 sec











2 sec











1 sec
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
 10
 11
 12
1/2
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
 10
 11
 12
 13
1/4
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
1/8
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
1/15
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
1/30
 6
 7
 8
 9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
1/60
 7
 8
 9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
1/125
 8
 9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
1/250
 9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
1/500
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
1/1000
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
1/2000
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
1/4000
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
1/8000
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
1/15000
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26